Reference
The relational frames
Nine frame families, each with its own entailment pattern and its own lesson design. One page each.
All nine frames
Coordination
Relating stimuli as the same or equivalent. The basis of naming.
Distinction
Relating stimuli as different, without specifying how.
Opposition
Relating stimuli as opposites along a shared dimension.
Comparison
Relating stimuli along a graded dimension: more, less, bigger.
Hierarchical
Relating stimuli as member and category, part and whole.
Temporal
Relating events in time: before, after, then, now.
Spatial
Relating objects in space: above, beside, inside, behind.
Deictic
Relating from a perspective: I and you, here and there, now and then.
Causal
Relating events as cause and effect, if and then.
Where to start
Coordination is the usual entry point, because it is the earliest to emerge and because most other frames are defined partly against it. Distinction and opposition follow naturally from there.
Deictic framing is the most demanding of the families and is generally programmed later, once simpler relations are fluent.
Common questions
- How many relational frames are there?
- RFT describes families rather than a fixed count. The nine covered here are the ones most commonly programmed: coordination, distinction, opposition, comparison, hierarchical, temporal, spatial, deictic, and causal.
- Which relational frame should I teach first?
- Coordination is the usual starting point. It emerges earliest and most other frames are defined partly in relation to it.